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EXTERMINATION CAMPS Young children and the elderly would be sent to extermination camps to be executed in gas chambers. Nazis built extermination facilities in a number of the concentration camps to kill more Jews efficiently. The Jews were the Nazis main target. Auschwitz housed about 100,000 people in 300 prison barracks. Its gas chambers were built to kill 2,000 people at a time. About 1,600,000 people died at Auschwitz and about 1,300,000 were Jews. Healthy prisoners were selected for slave labor. Elderly or disabled people, the sick, and the mothers and children were immediately sent to the gas chambers.